Religious freedom for all

March 2007

By Denton Lotz, General Secretary

BWA General Secretary Denton Lotz is the President of the International Religious Liberty Association (IRLA). The 6th IRLA World Congress was held in Cape Town, South Africa. The following is an excerpt of the welcoming address given by Lotz on February 27, 2007.

On behalf of the leadership, staff and friends of the International Religious Liberty Association, it gives me great joy to welcome you to the 6th IRLA World Congress. It is difficult to realize that five years have passed since our last congress in Manila in the Philippines. During these past five years one would have hoped for a world at peace, for a world free of terrorism and a more tolerant world where religious freedom, justice and peace ruled. Unfortunately, this is not the case! The last five years have seen increased religious persecution, more violence, acts of hatred and the misuse of religion.

As my contribution to this significant congress with the theme, ‘Combating Religious Hatred through Freedom to Believe,’ I would like to present ten theses which I believe will encourage religious tolerance, cooperation, and liberty of conscience:

1. True religion is the belief and positive affirmation of a creator God who loves and has compassion for humankind. Such religion brings cohesion, morality and justice to society and distinguishes us from animals. To offend God’s creation is to offend God. As Dostoyevsky said, “Without God anything is possible.” Evil is thus the absence of God. Purity and justice in the lives of humankind is a sign of God’s presence.

2.  False religion is true religion which has lost its way and instead of concentrating on God concentrates on man and becomes ethno-centric, intolerant and a force for restricting or limiting society’s freedom. False religion is often used by the state as a means to control and divide people groups. False religion creates sectarianism which results in religious wars, suppression and violence within religion and outside of its borders. For example, the conflict within Christianity of Protestantism and Catholicism, or within Islam, the conflict between the Shiites and the Sunnis, etc.

3.  Religious Freedom is the basis of all freedoms. Where religious freedom is denied all other freedoms are weakened and threatened.

4.  Separation of religion from the state strengthens religious freedom. Such separation guarantees religion its freedom and at the same time frees the state to be tolerant of all traditions and neutral in the face of conflicting religions and ideologies.    The history of religions shows that when religion uses the state to enforce its doctrine, or when the state uses religion to control the people, both the state and religion suffer.

5.  Religion must be free to exercise its prophetic role over against the sins and evils of a powerful state if it goes unbridled. Because we believe in separation of religion from the state does not mean that religion has no role to play in the state. On the contrary, religion that is truly free has the ability and responsibility to condemn the evils in society through peaceful means.

6.  The state has the right to restrict religious practices that are harmful to the wellbeing of helpless individuals, or society generally, e.g., the sacrifice of infants to the gods, the burning of widows, religious prostitution, and the state has the right to enforce zoning and health laws. Unfortunately, this thesis has often been used today to justify any law that the state may use as an excuse to deny religious freedom. The state must not be capricious in the use of laws passed supposedly to protect society but which in fact are an excuse to restrict religion. However, the principle remains that a just and righteous government often must protect its people from religious practices that are hateful, e.g. controlling the use of hateful symbols such as the swastika, or the KKK and a burning cross!

7.  Religious freedom affirms the right of conversion. Soul liberty, or freedom of conscience, means the state should not restrict an individual from following the dictates of their conscious and their desire to change religions, or for an individual  to deny religion altogether.

8.  Civilization and religion are closely bound, for good or ill. Religious freedom and tolerance prevents a “clash of civilizations.”

9.  Syncretism is no solution. Each religion must be given the freedom to maintain its own history, identity and traditions. Syncretism sponsored by the state (“all religions are the same”) destroys the uniqueness of religion and perpetuates intolerance towards minorities. A forced syncretism by the state does not help, but only creates a new religion which further complicates peaceful co-existence. The uniqueness of various religions is best maintained by the institution itself and not by the state. Each religion must maintain the right to define itself.  Dialogue between religions should not be an attempt to find the lowest common denominator, but rather an exchange of ideas so that we understand one another better. For example, as a Christian of the Baptist tradition I believe that God has revealed Himself in Jesus Christ as Redeemer and Savior. This is a basic tenet of my faith. Such faith does not prevent me from dialogue with other religious traditions, but rather encourages and enriches me in my pilgrimage of faith!

10.  World religions in affirming freedom of religion can contribute to a free, just and peaceful society. Beyond co-existence, prophetic religion is the key to pro-existence and encourages all of us to combat religious hatred with a vision of unity, peace and love for the whole world.